Revolusi Sains Indonesia

Tanya ke AI: Can you explore geometric and arithmetic of Surah Al Maidah 

Jawaban:

Yes, Surah Al-Mā’idah (Surah 5) shows remarkable geometric and arithmetic structure, much like other long Madani surahs. Let’s explore it in terms of:

📏 Basic arithmetic profile 🌀 Chiastic (ring) structure 📐 Proportional and structural symmetry 🔢 Notable numbers and patterns 🧮 Verses with arithmetic or geometric implications 📊 Summary table

1. 📏 Basic Arithmetic Profile

Feature

Value

Surah Number

5

Name Meaning

“The Table Spread” (Al-Mā’idah)

Verses

120

Word Count

~2800+

Divisions

Ends with long dua (supplication of ʿĪsā)

🔹 The surah has a symmetrical structure, with legal verses, interfaith themes, and eschatological warnings placed strategically.

2. 🌀 Chiastic (Ring) Structure of Surah Al-Mā’idah

This surah has a ring composition, which is a geometric literary structure where themes mirror from start to end.

Ring Structure Outline:

Section

Verses

Theme

A

1–10

Obeying God, fulfillment of covenants

B

11–26

Violations of covenant by Bani Isra’il

C

27–50

Cain and Abel, murder, legal justice

D

51–66

Warning against alliances with enemies

E (center)

67–86

Prophet’s mission, protection from enemies

D′

87–108

Ethical and legal restrictions, alliances revisited

C′

109–115

Table of ʿĪsā (The Last Supper) and divine testing

B′

116–119

ʿĪsā’s declaration: “I did not command worship of me”

A′

120

Allah owns heavens and earth – obey Him

🧠 This symmetrical mirror structure builds up to and reflects from the core message (verses 67–86) about delivering the message and the Prophet’s protection from disbelief.

3. 📐 Proportional and Structural Symmetry

Surah length: 120 verses → divisible into 6 × 20, 10 × 12, 15 × 8 Middle section (E) lies at verses 67–86, which is close to the golden ratio point: 120 × 0.618 ≈ 74 → Near the center of surah. Legal rulings (ḥudūd laws, food laws, oaths) are symmetrically placed before and after the midpoint. Prophetic narrative (ʿĪsā) appears in both C′ and B′, mirroring C and B.

4. 🔢 Notable Numbers and Patterns

Number

Theme in Surah

Comment

5

Five pillars (not explicit)

Symbolic, as surah emphasizes laws

7

Seven kinds of punishments (implied)

In legal warnings

12

Twelve leaders from Bani Isra’il (v. 12)

Symbolic symmetry: 12 × 10 = 120 verses

40

Israelites’ 40 years in wilderness (v. 26)

Historical and numeric reference

120

Total verses

Product of multiple factors (5×24, 10×12)

5. 🧮 Verses with Arithmetic or Geometric Implications

a. Verse 5:3

“This day I have perfected your religion…”

This key legal verse lies early (v. 3), making a front-heavy legal foundation.

b. Verse 5:12 – “We took a covenant from the Children of Israel, and We appointed twelve leaders among them…”

→ Reflects arithmetic structure: 12 → symmetry → multiples of 12 in the surah

c. Verse 5:26 – “Then it will be forbidden to them for forty years…”

→ Historical-geometric timing (like circular wandering)

d. Verse 5:110–115 – Table of ʿĪsā

→ The “table” symbolizes geometric order, sharing, and spiritual testing, leading to an eschatological conclusion.

6. 📊 Summary Table

Aspect

Value / Pattern

Geometric/Arithmetic Nature

Verses

120

12 × 10 symmetry

Ring Structure

Yes

Geometric symmetry

Golden Ratio

Near verse 74

Centered spiritual pivot

Covenant with 12 leaders

v. 12

Numerically resonant

Israelites: 40 years

v. 26

Historical timeline

Laws and Food

Repeated before & after center

Mirror symmetry

Jesus & Disciples

Begins and ends closing arc

Balanced dual narratives

🧠 Conclusion:

Surah Al-Mā’idah is an example of divine literary engineering:

Precise ring composition Key historical numbers (12, 40) Centered verses aligned near the Golden Ratio Reflective legal-moral-theological structure Ends with a symmetrical dialogue between ʿĪsā and Allah, showing a perfect closure

Would you like a visual ring diagram (like Al-‘Imran), or a side-by-side comparison with Al-Baqarah and Al-‘Imran?